The modality chart shows some ways to communicate.

Information comes in mainly by listening and understanding, and looking (reading or images, or watching someone talk).

We get information across (out) by spoken language, gesture and facial expression, and writing (including typing).

Communication may be impaired by language disorder even when the thoughts (in the centre) are still there.

Sometimes in aphasia (language impairment) the thoughts involving words are also affected and become ‘foggy’ or hard to keep in mind.